Detail publikace

Spatiotemporal trends and annual fluxes of pharmaceuticals in a Scottish priority catchment

LANDOVÁ, P. TAGGART, M. GIBB, S.

Originální název

Spatiotemporal trends and annual fluxes of pharmaceuticals in a Scottish priority catchment

Typ

článek v časopise ve Web of Science, Jimp

Jazyk

angličtina

Originální abstrakt

Pharmaceuticals (a class of emerging contaminants) are continuously introduced into effluent-receiving surface waters due to their incomplete removal within wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This work investigated the presence and distribution of eight commonly used human pharmaceuticals in the River Dee (Scotland, UK), a Scottish Environment Protection Agency priority catchment that is a conservation site and important raw water source. Grab sampling and passive sampling (Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler, POCIS) was per -formed over 12 months, targeting: paracetamol, ibuprofen, and diclofenac (analgesics/anti-inflammatories); clarithromycin and trimethoprim (antibiotics); carbamazepine and fluoxetine (psychoactive drugs); and 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol (estrogen hormone). Sampling sites spanned from the river's rural source to the heavily urbanised estuary into the North Sea. Ibuprofen (ranging 0.8-697 ng/L), paracetamol (ranging 4-658 ng/L), trimethoprim (ranging 3-505 ng/L), diclofenac (ranging 2-324 ng/L) and carbamazepine (ranging 1-222 ng/L) were consistently detected at the highest concentrations through grab sampling, with concentrations generally increasing down river with increasing urbanisation. However, POCIS revealed trace contamination of most compounds throughout the river (commonly 0.5 ng/L), indicating pollution may be related to diffuse sources. Analysis of river flows revealed that low flow and warm seasons corresponded to statistically significantly higher concentrations of diclofenac and carbamazepine, two compounds of environmental and regulatory concern. Below the largest WWTP, annual average fluxes ranged 0.1 kg/yr (clarithromycin) to 143.8 kg/yr (paracetamol), with 226.2 kg/yr for total target compounds. It was estimated that this source contributed 70% of the total mass loads (dissolved phase) of the target compounds in the river. As the River Dee is an important raw water source and conservation site, additional catchment monitoring is warranted to safeguard water quality and assess environmental risk of emerging contaminants, particularly in relation to unusual weather patterns, climate change and population growth.

Klíčová slova

Wastewater; Emerging contaminants; Pollution; Water quality; River flow; Passive sampling

Autoři

LANDOVÁ, P.; TAGGART, M.; GIBB, S.

Vydáno

1. 1. 2022

Nakladatel

ELSEVIER SCI LTD

Místo

OXFORD

ISSN

0269-7491

Periodikum

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Ročník

292

Číslo

Part A

Stát

Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Strany od

1

Strany do

14

Strany počet

14

URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34626711/

BibTex

@article{BUT177315,
  author="Pavlína {Landová} and Mark {Taggart} and Stuart {Gibb}",
  title="Spatiotemporal trends and annual fluxes of pharmaceuticals in a Scottish priority catchment",
  journal="ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION",
  year="2022",
  volume="292",
  number="Part A",
  pages="1--14",
  doi="10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118295",
  issn="0269-7491",
  url="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34626711/"
}