The use of bioindicators for assessing atmospheric pollution with platinum metals

abstrakt

angličtina

The current problem of today is the pollution of the atmosphere and the whole environment with emissions from automobile transport. To date, the most commonly studied pollutants have been toxic fumes emitted by motor vehicles and which are included in the emission limits of EURO standards valid in the territory of the European Union. These pollutants are, in particular, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and solid particles. However, it is also important that other substances, potentially toxic, are released into the surrounding atmosphere during the combustion process. Such substances are platinum metals, which form the essential and most important part of automotive catalysts. These platinum metals (especially platinum, palladium and rhodium) catalyze the conversion of toxic gases into non-toxic (hydrocarbons to carbon dioxide and water vapor, carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides to elemental nitrogen) by oxidation-reduction reactions to meet the required EURO Standards. During vehicle travel, the surface of the catalyst is chemically and physically stressed, in particular by alternating oxidation-reduction conditions, high temperature and mechanical abrasion, and the platinum metals are emitted into the environment. Since the introduction of automotive catalytic converters, the content of these metals has continually increased in all environmental compartments.

platinum, palladium, bioindicators

KOMENDOVÁ, R.; NEDVĚDICKÁ, L.

3. 10. 2017

Mediterranean Scientific Association of Environmental Protection

Greece

229

229

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http://www.mesaep.org/fileadmin/MESAEP/PDF/2017/MESAEP2017_Book_of_abstracts.pdf